It's probably presentation.
Aiming at Everything
Friday, June 14, 2024
Sleeping Wisdom
It's probably presentation.
Tuesday, May 28, 2024
Thumb Draw
Monday, May 20, 2024
Flux
Restart
Sunday, July 5, 2020
The Diggers, and Repossession of Commons by the People
Local landowners, alarmed by the actions of this group, and their assurance that their numbers were soon to grow, as they were offering to feed folk who came to work on the land, “to ten thousand in five days”, called on the New Model Army to help oust the radicals, but after interviewing Winstanley and a few others, the commander of the force sent in response decided it was a civil matter, and that the landowners should deal with it through the courts. However, the ability of the landowners to call on the military for assistance spooked some of the initial founders, and the occupation of St George’s Hill did not last.
It is an understanding of Western culture that land can be owned, and a great deal of the hereditary structures built into our culture were based on this concept. Throughout the Middle Ages, a mostly agrarian society, villages had lands held “in common” where poorer folk could graze their animals, but from an early time, this land was not farmable, as in, crops could not be grown there. In later centuries, through the process of “enclosures”, the commons became part of the local feudal responsibility, and the land became controlled and no longer part of the common weal.
In 1649, at a time of tremendous civil unrest in England, with war combining with several bad harvest years, starvation loomed. A group of religious radicals, who had named themselves the True Levellers, took possession of St George’s Hill, part of the commons of Weybridge, in Surrey, and began to plant crops in order to offer succor to the starving smallfolk. Their activities on the Hill led to them being nicknamed the Diggers, and this is the name they have worn down through history.
Led by radical writer Gerrard Winstanley, the core group of fifteen men tried to create a grass-roots movement toward the abolition of property, and the creation of a utopian society more closely interrelating man and his environment. Some of their tenets, published in Winstanley’s manifesto1, included public health insurance and early socialist priorities, such as communal ownership of property. Aspects of their philosophy and reasoning could be traced back as far as the Peasant’s Revolt of the 1300’s.
The Diggers were not permitted to defend themselves at the trial, and lost. The work at St George’s Hill was abandoned, but several other satellite farms were started over the next year, and the movement gained some traction with the initial assistance of a local landowner at one of the new locations. He quickly turned against them however, and became the leading edge of property owner resistance. In the end, the movement petered out in the face of continuing legal challenges to their position.
The Diggers absolutely inspired a faction within the first hippie communes in San Francisco’s Haight-Ashbury Park, as well as numerous other expressions of similar sentiments in the next several decades. The establishment of the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone in 2020 may be seen as a distaff descendant of the Digger’s ideas, although missing some of the nuanced thought and religious focus of Winstanley’s writing.
Citations:
1. The text of of the Digger’s various manifestos can be found at Project Gutenberg. The reading can be heavy, but it is informative. http://www.gutenberg.org/files/17480/17480-h/17480-h.htm
A Declaration by the Diggers of Wellingborough: http://www.rogerlovejoy.co.uk/philosophy/diggers/diggers3.htm
Website of the 1960’s Digger movement, with a great multimedia index of the original English Diggers: https://www.diggers.org/overview.htm
Saturday, July 4, 2020
A True, Black Knight
A True, Black Knight
by Briana Cassia, Lions Gate, An Tir
(for the SMASH, Team SwanSong)
Morien was the son of Aglamore de Galis, who was the eldest son of King Pellinore, and brother to Percival. (It is posited circumstantially that in earlier versions, Morien was Perceval’s get, which parentage was redacted with the growing trope of Perceval’s inviolable virginity, but such arguments are beyond the scope of this paper.) When Arthur sent the Knights in search of Lancelot, Aglovale found himself in Moorish lands, and became enamored of a princess (unfortunately unnamed, so far as I have found). While he did promise to marry her and they consummated their betrothal, Aglovale then left to continue his quest, leaving his fiancee to bear his child and raise him as befitted a Prince of Christendom. When she was disinherited of her lands, she sends her son to seek his father to redress that wrong. It should be noted that Moriaen and Moryan, both spellings found in the extant Middle Dutch text, are synonyms for the Moors themselves. As well, Saint Maurice was a favoured saint of that region during the Middle Ages, and was as dark of skin as the literary figure of Sir Morien.
Morien is described as being very large and with very dark skin: “He was all black, even as I tell ye: his head, his body, and his hands were all black, saving only his teeth.”1 Indeed, he has trouble trying to get across the sea to Britain, as the sailors were made afraid by his dark skin and huge frame, and thought him a devil, so he could find no passage. At the same time, it is remarked how well-formed he is, how beautiful, as only the flower of chivalry may be seen to be. “...his head, which was black as pitch; that was the fashion of his land--Moors are black as burnt brands. But in all that men would praise in a knight was he fair, after his kind. Though he were black, what was he the worse? In him was naught unsightly.”1
Of the several “fatherless son” tropes seen in the Arthurian mythos, Morien’s case is better justified than most, and has as happy an ending as these romances can: he succeeds in finding his father after a series of adventures with a few named Knights, including Lancelot and Gawain. Aglovale and Morien together return to the Moorish lands of his birth to succor his mother and regain her lost kingdom. She appears to have been a Christian, as Morien was raised in the faith shared with the other Knights of Arthur’s court, and is heard to call upon God, which reassures Gawain that he is no devil, however tall and black he is.
It is interesting to note that Morien is but a youth when he comes to find his father “...he was taller by half a foot than any knight who stood beside him, and as yet was he scarce more than a child”, but already is so ferocious a warrior that he could cut a spear flung towards him in two with one great stroke, “as if it were a reed”, which reminds this equestrian historian of the Turkish mounted martial game of the Reed Chop, which we play in the SCA.
Sources:
1. All citations in italics were taken from this text, a modern retelling into prose. No obvious liberties taken with the text, but much more accessible to read in this format. Ancient Texts Library (Online): https://www.ancienttexts.org/library/celtic/ctexts/morien.html, by Jessie Weston.
Middle Dutch text, with side-notes. The Google-provided English translation is shaky for a quick read, but one can tease out more meaning if the time is taken. https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_mor001mori01_01/_mor001mori01_01_0008.php
Online article listing several famous Medieval people of colour: https://atlantablackstar.com/2014/06/01/moors-saints-knights-kings-african-presence-medieval-renaissance-europe/
Image source: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/not-all-knights-round-table-were-white-180949361/
Monday, March 4, 2019
The Line is Hot!
I did get a couple of arrows off on Saturday, and my trust in my form and my physical awareness just seems to grow. My wrist was no problem, even though I shot my higher poundages. I will pick up a bow every day this week: need to make it a part of my daily again. I always enjoy it, and in refreshes my energy, so I need to push myself to it more consistently.
A walk in the woods to stump shoot would also be fun. And I need to get Josh going, too, and get everyone else back on track with scheduled practices. Whee!